{"id":26269,"date":"2024-05-07T21:38:17","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T18:38:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/?page_id=26269"},"modified":"2026-03-20T20:12:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T17:12:58","slug":"sulak-alanlar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/calismalarimiz\/ekosistemler\/sulak-alanlar\/","title":{"rendered":"Sulak Alanlar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container container uagb-block-60d417dc alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-5fabb3dd default uagb-is-root-container\">\n<p>Sulak alanlar gezegendeki t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahip ekosistemler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Bu alanlar D\u00fcnya kara y\u00fczeyinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 6\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 kapl\u0131yor. Turbal\u0131klardan deltalara, nehirlere, g\u00f6llere ve lag\u00fcnlere kadar sulak alanlar, k\u00fcresel biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Bunun temel nedeni ise pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 habitat tipini bir arada bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131. Bu habitatlar, bir\u00e7ok canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcremesi, beslenmesi ve bar\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli. Sulak alanlar, karbon yuta\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rmekten iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerini d\u00fczenlemeye, ak\u0131nt\u0131y\u0131 emerek enerjisini da\u011f\u0131t\u0131p suyu do\u011fal ortama b\u0131rakmadan \u00f6nce suyu ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131p filtrelemeye, oksijen \u00fcretimine katk\u0131da bulunmaya ve tatl\u0131 suyu depolamaya kadar pek \u00e7ok i\u015fleve sahip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ne yaz\u0131k ki, gezegendeki bir\u00e7ok sulak alan \u015fu anda tehdit alt\u0131nda.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131n\u0131n tar\u0131m i\u00e7in a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131, drenaj, baraj, madencilik projeleri ve yap\u0131la\u015fma gibi insan faaliyetleri d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda sulak alanlar\u0131 par\u00e7alad\u0131. 17. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan&nbsp; bu yana d\u00fcnyadaki sulak alanlar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131n\u0131n bozuldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. Bu \u015fu anlama geliyor: Sulak alanlar\u0131 ormanlardan \u00fc\u00e7 kat daha h\u0131zl\u0131 kaybediyoruz. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck nehirlerinin 3\u2019te 2\u2019si art\u0131k kendi do\u011fal d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcnde akam\u0131yor. Akdeniz, 1970 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana do\u011fal sulak alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Son 50 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde omurgal\u0131 canl\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan en b\u00fcy\u00fck azalma y\u00fczde 83 ile tatl\u0131 su t\u00fcrlerinde meydana geldi. 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00d6nemli Do\u011fa Alanlar\u0131 (\u00d6DA) kitab\u0131 ise T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sahip oldu\u011fu benzersiz 305 \u00d6DA \u00fczerindeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck tehdidin sulama, kurutma ve baraj projeleri oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<em> <\/em><em>(Detayl\u0131 bilgiye linkten ula\u015fabilirsiniz: \u00d6DA 1. Cilt Bkz. sayfa 69)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye sulak alan \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve say\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok zengin bir co\u011frafya olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor. \u00c7ok say\u0131da kapal\u0131 su havzas\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131, y\u00fcksek endemizm yani kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc t\u00fcrlerin zenginli\u011fini sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Genellikle kurak iklim b\u00f6lgelerinde ve i\u00e7 kesimlerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen kapal\u0131 havza sulak alanlar\u0131, kendini besleyen sular\u0131 denize ula\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131p havzalar\u0131nda biriktiriyor. Bu sulak alanlara uyum sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f bitkiler, i\u00e7 su bal\u0131klar\u0131 ve bu alanlarda k\u0131\u015flayan ve \u00fcreyen ku\u015flar gibi b\u00f6lgeye endemik t\u00fcrler, kapal\u0131 havza ekosistemlerinde ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ramsar S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (\u00d6zellikle Su Ku\u015flar\u0131 Ya\u015fama Ortam\u0131 Olarak Uluslararas\u0131 \u00d6neme Sahip Sulak Alanlar Hakk\u0131nda S\u00f6zle\u015fme) ile koruma alt\u0131nda olan ve uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6neme sahip 14 Ramsar Alan\u0131 bulunuyor. Gediz Deltas\u0131, Seyfe G\u00f6l\u00fc, K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak Deltas\u0131 bu alanlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye, gerek 1994 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana taraf oldu\u011fu Ramsar S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile gerekse 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren Sulak Alanlar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ile su ku\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ve daha pek \u00e7ok canl\u0131 grubunun ya\u015fam alan\u0131 olan sulak alanlar\u0131 korumay\u0131 taahh\u00fct ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkemiz, s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki co\u011frafyalara akan veya oradan do\u011fan nehirlerle ku\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 sayesinde, Karadeniz\u2019den Hazar Denizi\u2019ne, Akdeniz\u2019den Hint Okyanusu\u2019na kadar pek \u00e7ok co\u011frafyaya su yoluyla ba\u011flan\u0131yor. Bu durum nehirlerdeki biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin olduk\u00e7a zengin olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan etkenlerden biri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin co\u011frafi a\u00e7\u0131dan ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7 yan\u0131n\u0131n denizlerle \u00e7evrili olmas\u0131. Bu sayede \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6nemli k\u0131y\u0131 sulak alan\u0131 \u00fclkemizde yer al\u0131yor. Bu alanlar hem \u00fcreme d\u00f6neminde hem de g\u00f6\u00e7 d\u00f6neminde ku\u015flar i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki sulak alanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6neme sahip \u00d6nemli Do\u011fa Alan\u0131 (\u00d6DA) stat\u00fcs\u00fcnde. Sadece ku\u015flar de\u011fil i\u00e7 su bal\u0131klar\u0131, yumu\u015fak\u00e7alar ve k\u0131zb\u00f6cekleri gibi pek \u00e7ok t\u00fcr grubunun nesli k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte tehlike alt\u0131nda olan t\u00fcrleri, bu alanlarda ya\u015f\u0131yor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avrupa ve Do\u011fu Asya ile Afrika aras\u0131ndaki iki \u00f6nemli ku\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7 yolu T\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinde kesi\u015fiyor. Y\u0131lda iki kez, sulak alanlarda konaklayan su ku\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6\u00e7 etmesi bu ekosistemlerin var olmas\u0131na ve korunmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ancak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki sulak alan ekosistemleri bilimsel verilere dayanmayan yanl\u0131\u015f politikalar nedeniyle yok olmaya devam ediyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin en kurak havzas\u0131 olan Konya Kapal\u0131 Havzas\u0131\u2019nda hala sulu tar\u0131m uygulamalar\u0131 destekleniyor. Bunun sonucunda Tuz G\u00f6l\u00fc gibi burada yer alan sulak alanlar birer birer kuruyor. Y\u00fczey sular\u0131 yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131lan binlerce ka\u00e7ak kuyu da yer alt\u0131 su varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit ediyor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kuruldu\u011fumuz g\u00fcnden bu yana, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sulak alanlar\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rma, koruma, savunuculuk ve fark\u0131ndal\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyoruz. Sulak alanlardaki biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak ve art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla gerekli restorasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 belirliyor ve uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in faaliyetlerimizi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sulak alanlar gezegendeki t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahip ekosistemler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Bu alanlar D\u00fcnya kara y\u00fczeyinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 6\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 kapl\u0131yor. Turbal\u0131klardan deltalara, nehirlere, g\u00f6llere ve lag\u00fcnlere kadar sulak alanlar, k\u00fcresel biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Bunun temel nedeni ise pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 habitat tipini bir arada bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131. Bu habitatlar, bir\u00e7ok canl\u0131 [&#8230;]<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"dd-btn dd-btn-secondary text-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/calismalarimiz\/ekosistemler\/sulak-alanlar\/\">Daha Fazlas\u0131n\u0131 Oku&#8230;<span class=\"dd-sr-only\"> from Sulak Alanlar<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":24560,"parent":25991,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/fullheightcover.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-26269","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gediz-deltasi-hellio-van-ingen-scaled-min.jpg",2560,1707,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gediz-deltasi-hellio-van-ingen-scaled-min-300x300.jpg",300,300,true],"medium":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gediz-deltasi-hellio-van-ingen-scaled-min-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gediz-deltasi-hellio-van-ingen-scaled-min-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gediz-deltasi-hellio-van-ingen-scaled-min-1024x683.jpg",1024,683,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gediz-deltasi-hellio-van-ingen-scaled-min-1536x1024.jpg",1536,1024,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/gediz-deltasi-hellio-van-ingen-scaled-min-2048x1366.jpg",2048,1366,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"A. Erdem \u015eent\u00fcrk","author_link":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/author\/erdem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Sulak alanlar gezegendeki t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahip ekosistemler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Bu alanlar D\u00fcnya kara y\u00fczeyinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 6\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 kapl\u0131yor. Turbal\u0131klardan deltalara, nehirlere, g\u00f6llere ve lag\u00fcnlere kadar sulak alanlar, k\u00fcresel biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131na ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. Bunun temel nedeni ise pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 habitat tipini bir arada bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131. Bu habitatlar, bir\u00e7ok canl\u0131&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26269","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26269"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26269\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25991"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26269"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}