{"id":19877,"date":"2018-12-13T11:20:53","date_gmt":"2018-12-13T08:20:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/?p=19877"},"modified":"2024-02-14T16:12:50","modified_gmt":"2024-02-14T13:12:50","slug":"yasasin-arilar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/yasasin-arilar\/","title":{"rendered":"Ya\u015fas\u0131n Ar\u0131lar!"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"
\nD\u00fcnya genelinde oldu\u011fu gibi, T\u00fcrkiye’de de \u00f6nemli oranda ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmleri ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Vakit kaybetmeden gerekli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lmazsa sadece ar\u0131lar de\u011fil; ya\u015fam\u0131n benzersiz \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi i\u00e7inde birlikte ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar ve g\u0131dam\u0131z da tehlike alt\u0131na girecek.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar sadece bal \u00fcretmiyor, yedi\u011fimiz g\u0131dalar\u0131n 3\u2019te 1\u2019i onlar\u0131n sayesinde sofralar\u0131m\u0131za geliyor. Zira ar\u0131lar, \u00e7i\u00e7ekler aras\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri tozla\u015fma ile bitkilerin \u00fcremesini ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini sa\u011fl\u0131yorlar. Tozla\u015fma olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu s\u00fcrecin %80’i bal ar\u0131s\u0131 ve di\u011fer yaban ar\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyor. Ar\u0131lar, di\u011fer b\u00f6cek t\u00fcrleriyle birlikte biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin devam\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yorlar. Bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015fle ar\u0131lar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar neden \u00f6l\u00fcyor?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uluda\u011f \u00dcniversitesi Ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k Geli\u015ftirme-Uygulama ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi, y\u0131llard\u0131r senelik %20 civar\u0131nda seyreden ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcm oran\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde %70’lere kadar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve genel olarak ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.1<\/sup><\/p>\n

Ar\u0131 n\u00fcfusunun azalmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an nedenlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan ve genel olarak pestisit2<\/sup>olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan kimyasal maddeler geliyor. Bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar \u00f6zellikle neonikotinoid s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 pestisitlerin ar\u0131lar \u00fczerinde hem do\u011frudan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkileri oldu\u011funu hem de sinir sistemlerini etkileyerek fel\u00e7, haf\u0131za kayb\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenme yetisi bozuklu\u011fu gibi dolayl\u0131 yollardan da ar\u0131lara zarar verdi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. Nikotin mekanizmas\u0131 temelli bu pestisitler canl\u0131lar\u0131n sinir sistemini etkiliyor. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, habitat kayb\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131 gibi pek \u00e7ok konu da ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin nedenleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2012-2016 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada Trakya\u2019da, \u00f6zellikle de Tekirda\u011f ve Edirne\u2019de toplanan ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi tarlalar\u0131n\u0131n toprak \u00f6rneklerinin %25\u2019inde ve ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi \u00e7i\u00e7ek numunelerinin %35\u2019inde neonikotinoid s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 imidacloprid maddesi tespit edilmi\u015fti. Ayn\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada \u00e7i\u00e7ek \u00f6rneklerinin yar\u0131ya yak\u0131n\u0131ndaki kal\u0131nt\u0131n\u0131n ise ar\u0131lar\u0131n zehirlenmesine neden olabilecek d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.3<\/sup>\u0130svi\u00e7re’de yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada ise d\u00fcnyan\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerindeki yerel \u00fcreticilerden 198 bal \u00f6rne\u011fi topland\u0131. Bu ballar\u0131n %75\u2019inde, (teker teker bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda AB ve ABD’deki yasal limitlerin alt\u0131nda kalsa dahi) neonikotinoid s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 b\u00f6cek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kimyasallar\u0131n kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131na rastland\u0131.4<\/sup><\/p>\n

Avrupa yasaklad\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye’de serbest!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Neonikotinoidler, ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00e7ok ciddi \u015fekilde tehdit ediyor. B\u00f6cek ila\u00e7lar\u0131 ve di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok pestisit ar\u0131larda \u201cKoloni \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f Sendromu\u201d ad\u0131 verilen \u00f6l\u00fcmlere neden oluyor. Bu kimyasallar, bitkilerin tohumlar\u0131na uygulanabiliyor, b\u00f6ylece bitki b\u00fcy\u00fcrken kimyasal maddeleri b\u00fcnyesinde tutmaya devam ediyor. Bitkiyle temas eden b\u00f6cekler de zehirlenerek \u00f6l\u00fcyorlar.5<\/sup>Yap\u0131lan di\u011fer ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar neonikotinoid i\u00e7eren b\u00f6cek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc kimyasallar\u0131n, ar\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6zellikle ku\u015f6<\/sup>, kelebek7<\/sup>ve suda ya\u015fayan omurgas\u0131zlar\u01318<\/sup>da etkiledi\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca bitkilere uygulanan neonikotinoidlerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bitki yerine topra\u011fa ge\u00e7iyor ve toprakta 19 y\u0131la kadar etkilerini yitirmeden kalabiliyorlar.9<\/sup>Yani bu kimyasallar\u0131n, tam olarak hangi canl\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ne kadar zarar verdi\u011fini hesaplamak olduk\u00e7a zor. Neonikotinoidlerin do\u011fada yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131n tam boyutu hen\u00fcz bilinmiyor. Ancak bu konuda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan her yeni geli\u015fme, neonikotinoidlerin ekosistem i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a tehlikeli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor.<\/p>\n

Avrupa Birli\u011fi 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda, neonikotinoid s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan ar\u0131lara zarar veren 3 maddeyi sera kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tamamen yasaklayan tasar\u0131y\u0131 oylayarak kabul etti. Yasa\u011f\u0131n 2018\u2019in sonuna kadar uygulamaya ge\u00e7irilmesi planlan\u0131yor. Avrupa\u2019da yasaklanan neonikotinoidler (imidacloprid, clothianidin ve thiamethoxam) T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deyse rahat\u00e7a ve yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Neonikotinoidler yasaklans\u0131n!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerini durdurmak ve ar\u0131lar\u0131 ya\u015fatmak i\u00e7in at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken bir\u00e7ok ad\u0131m var. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da imzas\u0131 bulunan sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 olarak ilk ad\u0131m\u0131n Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, ar\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren neonikotinoidlerin yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu yasa\u011f\u0131n ard\u0131ndan konuyla ilgili denetimlerin d\u00fczenli olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep ediyoruz.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lara, kelebeklere, ku\u015flara ve daha pek \u00e7ok canl\u0131ya zarar veren neonikotinoid s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 pestisitlerin yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n, T\u00fcrkiye’de biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fin korunmas\u0131 ve g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fimiz i\u00e7in at\u0131lacak en temel ve vazge\u00e7ilmez ad\u0131mlardan biri oldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7iziyoruz.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan, do\u011fadaki canl\u0131lardan yaln\u0131zca biri. Do\u011fay\u0131 incitmeden, bozmadan, zehirlemeden \u00fcretmek, do\u011fan\u0131n d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek evrendeki say\u0131s\u0131z canl\u0131yla uyum i\u00e7inde ya\u015famak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fan\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131n gerekmeyece\u011fi bir d\u00fcnya umuduyla.<\/p>\n

\u0130mzac\u0131 kurumlar:
\nBu\u011fday Ekolojik Ya\u015fam\u0131 Destekleme Derne\u011fi
\n\u00c7evre ve Ar\u0131 Koruma Derne\u011fi (\u00c7ARIK)
\n\u00c7evre ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr De\u011ferlerini Koruma ve Tan\u0131tma Vakf\u0131 (\u00c7EK\u00dcL)
\nDo\u011fa Derne\u011fi
\nDo\u011fa Koruma Merkezi (DKM)
\nGreenpeace
\nKuzey Ormanlar\u0131 Savunmas\u0131 (KOS)
\nT\u00fcrkiye Ar\u0131 Yeti\u015ftiricileri Merkez Birli\u011fi (TAB)
\nWWF-T\u00fcrkiye
\nYery\u00fcz\u00fc Derne\u011fi
\nYe\u015fil D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Derne\u011fi<\/p>\n

Dipnotlar<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. AGAM “T\u00fcrkiye’deki Ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmleri Kayg\u0131 Verici Boyutlarda.” Bursa Uluda\u011f \u00dcniversitesi. Eyl\u00fcl 14, 2015. Eri\u015fim tarihi: Aral\u0131k 05, 2018. https:\/\/uludag.edu.tr\/haber\/view\/136<\/a>.<\/li>\n
  2. Pestisit: G\u0131da maddelerinin \u00fcretimi, t\u00fcketimi, depolanmalar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda g\u0131dalara zarar veren mikroorganizma ve zararl\u0131lar\u0131 uzakla\u015ft\u0131rmak veya yok etmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan, kimyasal ya da biyolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin t\u00fcm\u00fcne pestisit ad\u0131 verilmektedir. A\u00e7ar, \u00d6. \u00c7. \u201cTC G\u0131da, Tar\u0131m ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Ulusal G\u0131da Referans Laboratuvar\u0131 E\u011fitim Notu Pestisit Analizleri<\/em>.\u201d Temmuz 2015. https:\/\/gidalab.tarimorman.gov.tr\/gidareferans\/Belgeler\/B%C3%B6l%C3%BCmler\/Pestisit-Egitim-Notu2015.pdf<\/li>\n
  3. \u00dcnal ve ark. \u201cTAGEM\/HSYGAD\/12\/A06\/PO3\/13 nolu Bal ar\u0131lar\u0131nda neonicotinoid grubu insektisitlerin toksikasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 adl\u0131 projenin sonu\u00e7 raporu<\/em>\u201d (2016).<\/li>\n
  4. Mitchell, E. A. D. ve ark. \u201cA Worldwide Survey of Neonicotinoids in Honey.\u201d Science<\/em>, 358\/6359 (2017), s. 109\u2013111. doi:10.1126\/science.aan3684.<\/li>\n
  5. Greenpeace Akdeniz. “Ar\u0131lar Ya\u015fas\u0131n Diye: D\u00fcnyada ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Tozlamay\u0131 Yapan Canl\u0131lar\u0131 ve Tar\u0131m\u0131 Tehlikeye Atan Fakt\u00f6rlere Dair Bir De\u011ferlendirme.” Eyl\u00fcl, 2018. http:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/Global\/turkey\/report\/2018\/arilar-yasasin-diye.pdf<\/li>\n
  6. Eng, Margaret L., Bridget J. M. Stutchbury, ve Christy A. Morrissey. “Imidacloprid and Chlorpyrifos Insecticides Impair Migratory Ability in a Seed-eating Songbird.” Scientific Reports<\/em>7, no. 1. November 09, 2017. doi:10.1038\/s41598-017-15446-x.<\/li>\n
  7. Forister ML ve ark. \u201cIncreasing Neonicotinoid Use and the Declining Butterfly Fauna of Lowland California.\u201d Biology Letters<\/em>.12: 20160475 (2016). http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0475<\/li>\n
  8. Wood, T. ve Goulson, D. \u201cThe Environmental Risks of Neonicotinoid Pesticides: A Review of the Evidence Post 2013.\u201d Environmental Science and Pollution Research<\/em>, 24(21), (2017). s.17285-17325.<\/li>\n
  9. Goulson, D. \u201cAn Overview of the Environmental Risks Posed by Neonicotinoid Insecticides.\u201d Journal of A<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    D\u00fcnya genelinde oldu\u011fu gibi, T\u00fcrkiye’de de \u00f6nemli oranda ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmleri ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Vakit kaybetmeden gerekli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lmazsa sadece ar\u0131lar de\u011fil; ya\u015fam\u0131n benzersiz \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi i\u00e7inde birlikte ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar ve g\u0131dam\u0131z da tehlike alt\u0131na girecek. Ar\u0131lar sadece bal \u00fcretmiyor, yedi\u011fimiz g\u0131dalar\u0131n 3\u2019te 1\u2019i onlar\u0131n sayesinde sofralar\u0131m\u0131za geliyor. Zira ar\u0131lar, \u00e7i\u00e7ekler aras\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri tozla\u015fma ile bitkilerin \u00fcremesini […]<\/p>\n

    Daha Fazlas\u0131n\u0131 Oku… from Ya\u015fas\u0131n Ar\u0131lar!<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":19881,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[193],"class_list":["post-19877","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haber","tag-sifir-yok-olus"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dd-web-one-cikan.jpg",438,190,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dd-web-one-cikan-300x190.jpg",300,190,true],"medium":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dd-web-one-cikan-300x130.jpg",300,130,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dd-web-one-cikan.jpg",438,190,false],"large":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dd-web-one-cikan.jpg",438,190,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dd-web-one-cikan.jpg",438,190,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dd-web-one-cikan.jpg",438,190,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"A. Erdem \u015eent\u00fcrk","author_link":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/author\/erdem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"D\u00fcnya genelinde oldu\u011fu gibi, T\u00fcrkiye’de de \u00f6nemli oranda ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmleri ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Vakit kaybetmeden gerekli ad\u0131mlar at\u0131lmazsa sadece ar\u0131lar de\u011fil; ya\u015fam\u0131n benzersiz \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi i\u00e7inde birlikte ya\u015fayan t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar ve g\u0131dam\u0131z da tehlike alt\u0131na girecek. Ar\u0131lar sadece bal \u00fcretmiyor, yedi\u011fimiz g\u0131dalar\u0131n 3\u2019te 1\u2019i onlar\u0131n sayesinde sofralar\u0131m\u0131za geliyor. Zira ar\u0131lar, \u00e7i\u00e7ekler aras\u0131nda dola\u015f\u0131rken ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri tozla\u015fma ile bitkilerin \u00fcremesini…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19877","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19877"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19877\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19881"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19877"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19877"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19877"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}