{"id":3106,"date":"2016-10-29T13:23:55","date_gmt":"2016-10-29T10:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/?p=3106"},"modified":"2016-10-29T13:23:55","modified_gmt":"2016-10-29T10:23:55","slug":"hasankeyfe-sadakat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/hasankeyfe-sadakat\/","title":{"rendered":"Hasankeyf’e Sadakat"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cHasankeyf\u2019te hayat Kaleba\u015f\u0131\u2019ndayd\u0131, fakirdik ama Kale\u2019nin kap\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00fcvenli, huzurluyduk\u2026\u201d Ne zaman Hasankeyf\u2019e gitsem dokuma tezgah\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda buldu\u011fum Faris amca b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n

Bir ilkbahar sabah\u0131, 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar, g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131yorum, ma\u011faran\u0131n k\u00f6m\u00fcr siyah\u0131 tavan\u0131. Uzaklardan Dicle\u2019nin sesini duyuyorum. \u0130\u00e7erde biraz nemli, \u0131l\u0131k bir hava var. G\u00fcn hen\u00fcz a\u011far\u0131yor, ni\u015fte duran gaz lambas\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131yorum. K\u0131p\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k kilimin renklerini canland\u0131r\u0131yor, kire\u00e7ta\u015f\u0131 duvarlardaki yontma izlerine dokunuyorum. Vadideki binlerce ma\u011fara gibi bu da elle oyulmu\u015f. \u00d6nce i\u00e7erde ya\u011f yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ki yukar\u0131dan ta\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131 d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp durmas\u0131n, tavan da i\u015fte bu y\u00fczden simsiyah. \u00dczerimdeki k\u0131l battaniyeyi katlay\u0131p ma\u011faran\u0131n i\u00e7ine oyulmu\u015f y\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe kald\u0131r\u0131yorum. Mutfak olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u0131s\u0131mda ocak yanm\u0131\u015f, yeni demlenen \u00e7ay\u0131n kokusu burnuma geliyor. Buralar\u0131n ke\u00e7isi me\u015fhur, civardaki tepelerin \u00e7e\u015fit \u00e7e\u015fit otlar\u0131, kokulu kekikleri ke\u00e7iler i\u00e7in sonsuz bir mutfak gibi. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca otlu ke\u00e7i peyniri yan\u0131nda tand\u0131r ekme\u011fiyle kahvalt\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yap\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

Ma\u011faran\u0131n yan odas\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir pencere var vadiye bakan, ilkbahar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131, Raman\u2019\u0131n ye\u015fil \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc, gelinciklerin k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131s\u0131 g\u00f6z kama\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Kahvalt\u0131dan sonra \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorum evden. Meyase abla kom\u015fular\u0131yla \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kamak i\u00e7in nehir kenar\u0131na inecek. Ben \u00f6nce dokumac\u0131lara sonra da \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131m. Hasankeyf, ke\u00e7i k\u0131l\u0131ndan dokunan kilimleri ile nam salm\u0131\u015f, belki y\u00fczlerce tezgah var. G\u00fcn i\u00e7inde Hasankeyf\u2019e, Dicle\u2019nin melodisiyle bu dokuma tezgahlar\u0131n\u0131n sesi hakim. Birka\u00e7 demirci ve bak\u0131rc\u0131 ile nalband\u0131n \u00e7eki\u00e7 sesleri de bu ritmik ezgiye kar\u0131\u015f\u0131p gidiyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ar\u015f\u0131; civar k\u00f6ylerin el i\u015fi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinden, meyvelerinden tut da Ba\u011fdat\u2019a kadar bir\u00e7ok \u015fehirden baharatlar, kuma\u015flar, kuruyemi\u015flerin merakl\u0131lar\u0131yla bulu\u015fma noktas\u0131. Artuklular\u2019dan kalma me\u015fhur k\u00f6pr\u00fc ne yaz\u0131k ki y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kar\u015f\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131ya \u201ckelek\u201dlerle ge\u00e7iliyor. Hemen \u00f6n\u00fcmde y\u00fck doldurulan bir kele\u011fi izliyorum hayretle, yirmi otuz tulumu var alt\u0131nda ve neredeyse \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6rt arabal\u0131k y\u00fck ta\u015f\u0131yacak. Cizre\u2019ye Hasankeyf kilimlerini g\u00f6t\u00fcrecekmi\u015f. Kelek, nehir ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r kullan\u0131lan bir \u00e7e\u015fit sal, ke\u00e7ilerin tulumlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fi\u015firip birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131yor ve \u00fczerine ah\u015faplar\u0131 diziyorlar. \u00d6zellikle Dicle\u2019de hem kar\u015f\u0131dan kar\u015f\u0131ya ge\u00e7mek, yolculuk yapmak hem de Ba\u011fdat\u2019a, Basra\u2019ya kadar y\u00fck, e\u015fya ta\u015f\u0131mak, ticaret yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131yorlar. Vakti zaman\u0131nda Evliya \u00c7elebi ve bir\u00e7ok seyyah da yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131 keleklerle yapm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n

Hasankeyf \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 kalenin yukar\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fl\u0131yor. K\u0131vr\u0131la k\u0131vr\u0131la ve \u015fehrin kap\u0131lar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7erek a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya, vadiye kadar devam ediyor. Yol boyunca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckl\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc ma\u011faralarda bir\u00e7ok d\u00fckkan ve at\u00f6lye var. \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131 zanaatkarlar ile t\u00fcccarlar\u0131 bir araya getiriyor. Sohbet edip, al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yaparak ilerliyorum, ta ki Dicle\u2019nin kenar\u0131na varana kadar.<\/p>\n

Hani Nil ye\u015fili derler ya Dicle \u00f6yle g\u00fczel bir renkte ak\u0131yor. Bahar gelince Toroslar\u2019\u0131n karlar\u0131 erimi\u015f, Dicle\u2019nin sular\u0131 bolla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131. Meyase ablalar \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bitirmi\u015f keyif yap\u0131yorlar, biraz sohbet edip kalenin di\u011fer yan\u0131ndaki vadiden ge\u00e7erek yukar\u0131 eve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yoruz. Meyase abla kom\u015fusu Behice ile birlikte benim i\u00e7in \u201ckresert\u201d pi\u015firiyor, Hasankeyf\u2019e \u00f6zg\u00fc bir \u00e7e\u015fit et m\u00fccveri, biraz ya\u011fl\u0131 olsa da s\u0131cak s\u0131cak yemeye doyam\u0131yorum. Yemek sonras\u0131 s\u0131ra geliyor kahveye, \u0130pek Yolu\u2019nun ve ticaret \u015fehri olman\u0131n nimeti olsa gerek kahve kakuleli, \u00fcstelik s\u00fctle pi\u015firiliyor, g\u00fcn\u00fc sonland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in muazzam bir tat.<\/p>\n

Ulu Cami\u2019nden g\u00fcn\u00fcn son ezan sesi geldi\u011finde evde yatma haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131yor. D\u00f6\u015fekleri a\u00e7\u0131p, battaniyeleri seriyoruz. Yatmadan \u00f6nce ma\u011faradan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorum, y\u0131ld\u0131zlarla dolu g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131yla akan Dicle\u2019yi izliyorum. Binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015f, kendi ge\u00e7mi\u015fim, k\u00f6klerim ayaklar\u0131m\u0131n alt\u0131nda, bu r\u00fcya hi\u00e7 bitmese.<\/p>\n

Kaya Kale: H\u0131sn Keyfa<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hasankeyf\u2019e her gitti\u011fimde Kaleba\u015f\u0131\u2019ndaki ya\u015fam\u0131 ya\u015fl\u0131lardan dinlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131m. B\u00f6ylece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm git gide ger\u00e7e\u011fe yakla\u015f\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz ay yine oradayd\u0131m. T\u00fcm ya\u015fananlara, ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llara, proje ihtimallerine, s\u00f6ylentilere ra\u011fmen Hasankeyf ayakta. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Saray\u2019\u0131n dost y\u00fcz\u00fc, vadinin ta derinliklerine kadar g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn alabildi\u011fine ma\u011fara evler, Dicle\u2019nin huzurlu ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ayn\u0131. Bir s\u00fcredir ayr\u0131 kal\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131za sitemkar, tan\u0131d\u0131k y\u00fczler selaml\u0131yor beni, uzun bir aradan sonra evime d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f gibi hissediyorum. Burada iki \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7irip, az\u0131c\u0131k derinliklerini gezen herkes kendini evinde hisseder ya benimki biraz daha farkl\u0131, her k\u00f6\u015fe ba\u015f\u0131nda bir an\u0131, her kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m y\u00fczde bir tan\u0131d\u0131kl\u0131k var.<\/p>\n

Barajdan konu\u015fuyoruz. O kadar uzun y\u0131llar olmu\u015f ki, bug\u00fcn torunu olanlar bile baraj s\u00f6ylentisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnleri hat\u0131rlayam\u0131yor. Hasankeyf ve Dicle Vadisi\u2019nin sonunu getirecek olan Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yap\u0131m karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha ma\u011faralardaki ya\u015fant\u0131 devam ediyordu. 1967 y\u0131l\u0131 vadideki pek \u00e7ok yerle\u015fim yeri i\u00e7in d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 oldu. Hasankeyfliler o g\u00fcnleri anarken \u015f\u00f6yle der: \u201cBiraz zorlu bir hayatt\u0131 ma\u011faralardaki, ancak mutluyduk, sonra bir g\u00fcn ba\u015fbakan b\u00f6yle modern bir \u00e7a\u011fda ma\u011faralarda ya\u015fanamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131nmam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi\u201d.<\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zlerin ard\u0131ndan, birka\u00e7 y\u0131l sonra arkeolojik sit alan\u0131 ilan edilecek olan \u201cA\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u015eehir\u201ddeki tarihi kal\u0131nt\u0131lar y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131p yerine afet konutlar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131. Halk ma\u011faralardan ta\u015f\u0131nmaya zorland\u0131. Bir\u00e7ok aile farkl\u0131 \u015fehirlere g\u00f6\u00e7 etti, kalanlar da \u00e7o\u011fu 49 metrekarelik, tuvaleti mutfa\u011f\u0131 olmayan afet konutlar\u0131nda, kalabal\u0131k aileler olarak ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu evler yap\u0131l\u0131rken b\u00f6lgenin iklim \u015fartlar\u0131, tarihi, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc dikkate al\u0131nmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu kararlar\u0131 verenler bir yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0131\u015far\u0131s\u0131 50 derece s\u0131cakken orada bulunsalard\u0131, belki betonarme bir evde ya\u015faman\u0131n ne kadar zor olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcrlerdi. Hele s\u0131cak bir yaz g\u00fcn\u00fc ma\u011faraya girseler, i\u00e7erideki serin havay\u0131 fark etseler, belki biraz oturduktan sonra hafif\u00e7e \u00fc\u015f\u00fcseler, bu co\u011frafya i\u00e7in en uygun mimarinin binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcregelen ma\u011fara ya\u015fam\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlayacaklard\u0131.\u00a0 Ne yaz\u0131k ki bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7biri olmad\u0131, t\u00fcm \u015fehir sit alan\u0131 ilan edildikten sonra yap\u0131lan evleri de\u011fi\u015ftirme ya da yenisini yapma \u015fans\u0131 da tamamen ortadan kalkt\u0131. O g\u00fcnden beridir yeni evlenen Hasankeyfli bir \u00e7iftin, kendi memleketinde ya\u015fayabilmesinin tek ihtimali ba\u015fka birilerinin g\u00f6\u00e7 etmesi.<\/p>\n

Modern ya\u015fam\u0131n gereklili\u011fi \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclerek konutlara yerle\u015ftirilen Hasankeyfliler burada yenilik olarak elektri\u011fe ve birtak\u0131m altyap\u0131lara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu, ama ma\u011faralardaki ya\u015fam\u0131n rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, huzurunu ve bir\u00e7ok kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 istemeyerek geride b\u0131rakt\u0131. Karasal iklimin hakim oldu\u011fu bu co\u011frafyada yaz\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131klar 50 dereceye rahatl\u0131kla ula\u015f\u0131rken, k\u0131\u015flar\u0131\u00a0 -10\u2019lara varan so\u011fuklar ya\u015fan\u0131r. Ma\u011farada ya\u015famak d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir \u00e7aba gerekmeksizin evin \u0131s\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fanabilir bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta tutar, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n yemek yapmak i\u00e7in yak\u0131lan ocak bile ma\u011faran\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tmak i\u00e7in yeterli olur. Yazlar\u0131ysa yere yumurta k\u0131rsan pi\u015fecek s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda i\u00e7erisi hemen hemen her zaman 20-25 derecelerdedir. Oysa betonarme konutlar\u0131 yaz\u0131n elektrik harcamadan serinletmek neredeyse imkans\u0131zd\u0131r. K\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u0131s\u0131nmak i\u00e7inse y\u00fczlerce kilo k\u00f6m\u00fcr yakmak gerekir. Bu ma\u011faralar ayn\u0131 zamanda do\u011fal kilerlerdir, evlerinin yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ma\u011fara olan Hasankeyfliler bug\u00fcn hala peynirlerini, baz\u0131 k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k erzaklar\u0131n\u0131 burada saklar. Her santimetre karesi elle oyulmu\u015f, ilmek ilmek i\u015flenmi\u015f bu ma\u011fara \u015fehrin kendine has bir altyap\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u0131kl\u0131kla anlat\u0131l\u0131r; kalenin yukar\u0131lar\u0131na kadar suyun ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan su yollar\u0131n\u0131n, sarn\u0131\u00e7lar\u0131n oldu\u011fu, kanalizasyonun belki bug\u00fcn \u015fehirde olandan bile daha iyi \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak bir sistemle sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenir. Son y\u0131llarda kalede yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ma\u011fara ya\u015fam\u0131na \u015fahit olmu\u015f ya\u015fl\u0131lar\u0131n burayla ilgili bu anlatt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlayan bulgular\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Hasankeyfliler zorunlu olarak yerle\u015ftikleri konutlar\u0131na \u00e7ivi \u00e7akamayadursun, Hasankeyf\u2019in tamam\u0131n\u0131 ve Dicle Vadisi\u2019nin 300 kilometrekarelik alan\u0131n\u0131 sular alt\u0131nda b\u0131rakacak olan Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 yap\u0131ls\u0131n diye uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r \u00e7abalan\u0131yor. \u00d6ylesine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yat\u0131r\u0131m gerektiriyor ki \u00f6mr\u00fc en fazla elli altm\u0131\u015f y\u0131l oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenen bu baraj ancak \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fclkelerden olu\u015fan bir konsorsiyumun verdi\u011fi kredi ile devam edilebiliyor. Konsorsiyum y\u0131ldan y\u0131la de\u011fi\u015ftik\u00e7e, baraj in\u015faat\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle iptal olduk\u00e7a ve yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131k\u00e7a Hasankeyfliler\u2019in bir kez daha yerlerinden edilmeleri de yeniden g\u00fcndeme geliyor veya g\u00fcndemden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Birka\u00e7 y\u0131l s\u00fcreyle evlerinin, k\u00f6klerinin, mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n sular alt\u0131nda kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve \u00e7aresizlik i\u00e7inde bekleyenler, devam\u0131ndaki y\u0131llarda baraj\u0131n iptal oldu\u011fu ve memleketlerinden ayr\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekmeyece\u011fi sevincini ya\u015f\u0131yorlar. K\u0131rk y\u0131ld\u0131r bu b\u00f6yle s\u00fcr\u00fcp gidiyor. Do\u011fa Derne\u011fi, Hasankeyf Ya\u015fatma Giri\u015fimi, EcaWatch gibi ulusal, b\u00f6lgesel ya da uluslararas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7e\u015fitli sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctleri konsorsiyum i\u00e7erisindeki Avrupal\u0131 \u00fclkelere baraj\u0131n do\u011fa, k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve tarihe yapaca\u011f\u0131, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc olmayan etkilerini eylemlerden, bilimsel raporlara, bas\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131na kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli etkinliklerle anlat\u0131yor. Devlet taraf\u0131ndan b\u00f6ylesine do\u011fa ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr katliam\u0131 yaratacak bir projedeki olumsuz etkileri azaltmak i\u00e7in dahi hi\u00e7bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren \u00fclkeler bir bir geri \u00e7ekiyorlar verdikleri krediyi. Ne yaz\u0131k ki bu durum in\u015faat\u0131n tamamen iptal edilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli olmuyor, Garanti Bankas\u0131 ve Akbank\u2019\u0131n verdi\u011fi kredilerle in\u015faat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yeniden h\u0131zlan\u0131yor ve son be\u015f y\u0131lda ciddi yol kat ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn b\u00f6lgedeki siyasi gerginlik baraj\u0131n ak\u0131beti konusundaki belirsizli\u011fi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor, ancak Hasankeyfliler\u2019in yeniden yerlerinden edilmeleri konusu son derece net. Bu durum insan\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcyor, Hasankeyfliler\u2019in y\u0131llard\u0131r iddia ettikleri, bana bir komplo teorisi gibi gelen senaryo ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor olabilir mi? Senaryoda; baraj in\u015faat\u0131 bir s\u00f6ylenti, asl\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131yor, ya da yap\u0131lsa da Hasankeyf sular alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131yor. Halk yine de buradan zorla ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131yor, b\u00f6ylece kapsaml\u0131 bir kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131yor ve bir a\u00e7\u0131k hava m\u00fczesi haline geliyor \u015fehir. Bir m\u00fcze oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Hasankeyfliler memleketlerini kar\u015f\u0131dan izlemekle kal\u0131yorlar, \u00fcstelik uzakta olduklar\u0131ndan art\u0131k turizm getirisinden de faydalanmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Bu senaryonun ne kadar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir bilinmez ancak Hasankeyf\u2019te kamula\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ek. \u00dcstelik hen\u00fcz yeni evlerin in\u015faat\u0131 ba\u015flamad\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hanelerin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, fiyat\u0131 gibi konularda anla\u015fmazl\u0131klar s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Hasankeyfliler evlerinden \u00e7\u0131kmaya zorland\u0131klar\u0131 gibi kar\u015f\u0131daki yeni evlerde oturmak istiyorlarsa bunun bedelini de \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcler. Ta\u015f\u0131nacaklar\u0131 evlerin \u00fccretleri ilk zamanlarda kamula\u015ft\u0131rma bedellerinin \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tepkilere yol a\u00e7t\u0131 ve Hasankeyfliler ciddi eylemler yaparak konunun yeniden de\u011ferlendirilmesini sa\u011flad\u0131lar. Sonucunda bir anla\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131yor gibi olduysa da hala bir netlik kazanmad\u0131. Yeni yerle\u015fim yerine ilk olarak in\u015fa edilen kamu kurumlar\u0131 ve okullar, bir\u00e7ok \u00f6\u011frencinin servislerle ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve halk\u0131n belli ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in buray\u0131 kullanmak zorunda kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Ama\u00e7 halk\u0131n aya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, burada ya\u015famak konusundaki zorunlulu\u011fu kabul etmesi olabilir mi?<\/p>\n

Yeni yerle\u015fim yeri i\u00e7in nehrin kar\u015f\u0131 yakas\u0131nda, Raman da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n eteklerindeki \u00e7orak topraklar uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Hasankeyf sular alt\u0131nda kalsa,\u00a0 mezarlar\u0131n\u0131n bo\u011fuldu\u011fu manzaray\u0131 izleyerek ya\u015famak nas\u0131l bir ruh hali yarat\u0131r elbette d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmedi. Ma\u011faralardan g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn, baraj s\u00f6ylentisinin etkisiyle y\u0131ldan y\u0131la azalan hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve tar\u0131m faaliyetlerinin ise bu yeni yerle\u015fim yerinde devam etmesi s\u00f6z konusu olacak gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor. Bu \u00e7orak topraklarda ne Hasankeyf\u2019in me\u015fhur Salahiye bah\u00e7elerindeki incirleri, narlar\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcmleri, bademleri yeti\u015ftirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ne de Dicle kenar\u0131ndaki tarlalardaki bu\u011fday\u0131, pirinci, mercime\u011fi.<\/p>\n

Dicle\u2019nin A\u015fk\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dicle, Mezopotamya\u2019y\u0131 var eden sevgililerden biri. Ayn\u0131 da\u011f\u0131n iki y\u00fcz\u00fcnden do\u011fan, uzun yollar boyunca birbirine bir uzakla\u015f\u0131p bir yak\u0131nla\u015fan, zaman zaman paralel ak\u0131p birbirine g\u00f6z k\u0131rpan iki a\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n di\u015fi olan\u0131. F\u0131rat\u2019la Dicle\u2019nin a\u015fk\u0131 b\u00f6yle anlat\u0131l\u0131r efsanelerde, iki sevgilinin kavu\u015ftu\u011fu topraklar d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en zengin deltalar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturur. Asurlular\u2019dan bu yana ya\u015fam \u015feklini hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015ftirmemi\u015f su bedevileri bu deltan\u0131n sazl\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, suyun \u00fczerinde ya\u015farlar. Dicle ve F\u0131rat do\u011fdu\u011fu andan denize ula\u015fana kadar nice topraklar\u0131 besler, nice insan\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirir. Hasankeyf\u2019te oldu\u011fu gibi.<\/p>\n

\u201cBerave\u201d nehir kenar\u0131ndaki k\u00f6y demek Hasankeyf Arap\u00e7as\u0131\u2019nda. Nehir, ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00f6ylesine i\u00e7inde ki dile dahil olmu\u015f, ya\u015fam\u0131n kendisi olmu\u015f. Nehir, bu co\u011frafyada su kayna\u011f\u0131 demek, g\u00fcvenlik demek, ula\u015f\u0131m, ticaret, hayat demek. Bundan 10-15 y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine kadar Hasankeyf\u2019in kendisi de dahil olmak \u00fczere Dicle kenar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015f k\u00f6ylerin hepsinde, nehrin ta\u015fk\u0131n alanlar\u0131nda tar\u0131m yap\u0131l\u0131yor, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan sulama gerekmeden, nehrin \u00f6n\u00fcne set \u00e7ekmeden, kuyu kaz\u0131p kaynaklar\u0131 kurutmadan yerli tohumlarla pirin\u00e7, mercimek ekiliyor t\u00fcm beravelerde. Dicle\u2019nin ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6\u015felerde ise co\u011frafyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fit \u00e7e\u015fit kokulu otlar\u0131 ile \u00f6zg\u00fcrce beslenen hayvanlar ve ya\u011fmura dayal\u0131 tar\u0131m \u00fcr\u00fcnleri g\u00f6ze \u00e7arp\u0131yor, susuz yeti\u015fen \u00fcz\u00fcmler, bu\u011fday ve arpa bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Dicle\u2019nin zenginli\u011fi yaln\u0131zca insanlar\u0131 etkilemiyor elbette, do\u011fdu\u011fu andan denize d\u00f6k\u00fclene kadar olu\u015fturdu\u011fu derin vadiler, yar\u0131p ge\u00e7ti\u011fi kayal\u0131klar, sakince akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kumluk alanlar benzersiz bir \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi beraberinde getiriyor. Derin yar\u0131klar\u0131nda yuva yapan y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 ku\u015flardan, \u00e7a\u011flayarak akt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sularda ya\u015fayan bal\u0131klara, kumullarda \u00fcreyen kaplumba\u011falara kadar bir\u00e7ok t\u00fcr\u00fcn ender ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturuyor. Binlerce y\u0131lda olu\u015fmu\u015f bu ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn elli altm\u0131\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6mr\u00fc olan k\u00f6hne bir projeye kurban ediliyor olmas\u0131 i\u015fte tam da bu y\u00fczden kabul edilemez.<\/p>\n

Tarihin e\u015fsiz \u00f6rne\u011fi, m\u00fchendislik harikas\u0131 Artuklu K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ayaklar\u0131n\u0131 baraj\u0131n \u00f6mr\u00fc tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yeniden a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in asl\u0131na uygun olmayan bir ta\u015fla kaplamak ve bunun y\u0131llarca suyun, dere \u00e7amurunun i\u00e7inde korunakl\u0131 kalaca\u011f\u0131na inanmak ne kadar zorsa bir cami minaresi ile bir t\u00fcrbeyi ta\u015f\u0131yarak tarihi koruyaca\u011f\u0131na, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc devam ettirece\u011fine inanmak da o kadar zor. Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131\u2019n\u0131n verece\u011fi zarara kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131nan \u00f6nlemler bunlar i\u015fte. Harcanan trilyonlarca lira, ya\u015fat\u0131lan \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fc ve stres, s\u0131rf s\u00f6ylentisiyle zarar g\u00f6ren toplumlar, kaybolan k\u00fclt\u00fcrlere de\u011fer miydi? Dicle i\u00e7in, Hasankeyf i\u00e7in, bu co\u011frafyada ya\u015fayan say\u0131s\u0131z canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc, ka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 dilin konu\u015fuldu\u011fu k\u00fclt\u00fcrler i\u00e7in, tarih i\u00e7in verilen yanl\u0131\u015f kararlardan d\u00f6nmek bu kadar zor olmamal\u0131. Hasankeyf ve Dicle i\u00e7in umut s\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve s\u00fcrecek.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131: Derya Engin<\/p>\n

Foto\u011fraf: H\u00fcsamettin Bah\u00e7e<\/p>\n

*Bu yaz\u0131 Magma Dergisi \u015eubat 2016 say\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201cHasankeyf\u2019te hayat Kaleba\u015f\u0131\u2019ndayd\u0131, fakirdik ama Kale\u2019nin kap\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00fcvenli, huzurluyduk\u2026\u201d Ne zaman Hasankeyf\u2019e gitsem dokuma tezgah\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda buldu\u011fum Faris amca b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yler. Bir ilkbahar sabah\u0131, 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar, g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131yorum, ma\u011faran\u0131n k\u00f6m\u00fcr siyah\u0131 tavan\u0131. Uzaklardan Dicle\u2019nin sesini duyuyorum. \u0130\u00e7erde biraz nemli, \u0131l\u0131k bir hava var. G\u00fcn hen\u00fcz a\u011far\u0131yor, ni\u015fte duran gaz lambas\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131yorum. K\u0131p\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k kilimin […]<\/p>\n

Daha Fazlas\u0131n\u0131 Oku… from Hasankeyf’e Sadakat<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":3109,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[60],"tags":[63,64,61,65],"class_list":["post-3106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haber","tag-dicle","tag-firat","tag-hasankeyf","tag-ilisu-baraji"],"acf":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"A. Erdem \u015eent\u00fcrk","author_link":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/author\/erdem\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"\u201cHasankeyf\u2019te hayat Kaleba\u015f\u0131\u2019ndayd\u0131, fakirdik ama Kale\u2019nin kap\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7inde g\u00fcvenli, huzurluyduk\u2026\u201d Ne zaman Hasankeyf\u2019e gitsem dokuma tezgah\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda buldu\u011fum Faris amca b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yler. Bir ilkbahar sabah\u0131, 1960\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llar, g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131yorum, ma\u011faran\u0131n k\u00f6m\u00fcr siyah\u0131 tavan\u0131. Uzaklardan Dicle\u2019nin sesini duyuyorum. \u0130\u00e7erde biraz nemli, \u0131l\u0131k bir hava var. G\u00fcn hen\u00fcz a\u011far\u0131yor, ni\u015fte duran gaz lambas\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131yorum. K\u0131p\u0131rt\u0131l\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k kilimin…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3106"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3106\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dogadernegi.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}